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Left-wing nationalism
Left-wing nationalism describes a form of nationalism based upon social equality, popular sovereignty, and national self-determination.〔Sa'adah 2003, 17-20.〕 It has its origins in the Jacobinism of the French Revolution.〔 Left-wing nationalism typically espouses anti-imperialism.〔Smith 1999, 30.〕〔Delanty, Gerard; Kumar, Krishan. ''The SAGE handbook of nations and nationalism''. London, England, UK; Thousand Oaks, California, USA; New Delhi, India: Sage Publications, Ltd, 2006. Pp. 542.〕 It stands in contrast to right-wing nationalism, and often rejects racist nationalism and fascism,〔 although some forms of left-wing nationalism have included intolerance and racial prejudice.〔
Notable left-wing nationalist movements in history have included Mahatma Gandhi's Indian National Congress that promoted independence of India, Labor Zionism which promoted the Jewish national revival, Sinn Féin as the main Irish republican party, the African National Congress of South Africa under Nelson Mandela that successfully ended apartheid.
==Marxism and nationalism==
Marxism identifies the nation as a socioeconomic construction created after the collapse of the feudal system, which was utilized to create the capitalist economic system.〔Nimni 1991, 14.〕 Classical Marxists have unanimously claimed that nationalism is a "bourgeois phenomenon" that is not associated with Marxism.〔Nimni 1991, 16.〕 However, certain interpretations of the works of Karl Marx have claimed that although he rejected nationalism as a final outcome of international class struggle, he tacitly supported proletarian nationalism as a stage to achieve proletarian rule over a nation, then allowing succeeding stages of international proletarian revolution.〔van Ree 2002, 49.〕 Marxism, in certain instances, has supported nationalist movements if they are in the interest of class struggle, but rejects other nationalist movements deemed to distract workers from their necessary goal of defeating the bourgeoisie.〔Nimni 1991, 4.〕 Marxists have evaluated certain nations to be "progressive" and other nations to be "reactionary".〔 Joseph Stalin supported interpretations of Marx tolerating the use of proletarian nationalism that promoted class struggle within an internationalist framework.〔〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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